Configuring Web Browsers to Recognize the CDF OnLine Certificate
All CDF
e-logs can be viewed from any location. Entries or comments to the
e-logs can be made from a Web browser running on any of the computers on
the B0 subnets (including the B0 building and trailers). However,
from outside the B0 subnets, in order to make an entry or comment in any
logbook, you must supply a username and password for an account on the
CDF offline (not your Kerberos account). A Netscape or Internet Explorer Web browser
will request this username and password automatically, and it will remember
to send them for the duration of the browser session.
Unfortunately, the username/password is sent over the Internet "in the
clear", and thus is vulnerable to interception by others. It
is possible to encrypt the username/password being sent over the Internet
by using a server which employs a Secure Socket Layer (SSL).
This is the typical method used by commercial sites to encrypt secure information
like a credit card number. For the CDF e-logs, we use the Apache
SSL server.
The Apache SSL
server allows one or more sockets to be dedicated to encrypted information.
For the CDF e-logs, we use socket 443 for encrypted information, and socket
80 for normal access. Thus, you may notice that any
CDF e-log link requiring encryption will contain 443 in the URL
(and https, instead of http).
Both Netscape and Internet Explorer browsers implement the encryption scheme
used by the Apache SSL server, as long as a valid "Certificate"
is recognized.
A Digital
Certificate is a way for a Web browser to verify that
the Web server is legitimate, and should be trusted to use any encrypted
information properly. Usually, these certificates are issued
by Certificate Authorities, and most browsers have a default list
of authorities they recognize. For example, many commercial
sites get their certificates from VeriSign
for a nominal yearly fee. Since the verification from companies like
VeriSign is lengthy and costly, the DOE is in the process of creating their
own Certificate Authority to issue certificates.
Until the DOE starts issuing certificates, the CDF e-logs will use
what is called a "self signed" Certificate. This is
a certificate created by the CDF online, based on the SSLeay/OpenSSL software.
However, since the CDF on line is not a default Certificate Authority for
most browsers, your browser likely will not recognize this certificate
the first time you try to make an entry or comment in the CDF e-logs
from outside the B0 domain. However, by following the procedure
described below, you can authorize your browser to recognize the CDF online
Certificate for the session only, or for all times in the future.
Characteristically,
the procedures for Netscape and Internet Explorer are different, so please
click on the procedure appropriate for your browser.
CDF Electronic Logbooks / Last updated June 6, 2002 / Rick Vidal